NHER 29480 (Cropmark and Earthwork record) - Possible medieval tofts and field system west of Poplars Farm

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Summary

Earthworks of a series of rectangular enclosures and a trackway can be seen on aerial photographs. These can be identified as possible medieval tofts with an associated field system and a pre-enclosure trackway. The features are also are visible on visualised lidar data from a survey flown in 2021. Garden earthworks to the south west of the farm house are visible on aerial photographs, and have been recorded as NHER 53210.

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Location

Map sheet TG11NE
Civil Parish HORSFORD, BROADLAND, NORFOLK

Map

Earthworks visible on NCC/BKS vertical survey of Norfolk 1988 (S1).
?Series of linear enclosures and/or tracks in field to west of Poplars Farm. Site located during NLA earthworks survey 4 M. Flitcroft (NLA) 4 February 1993.

Field to west of farm buildings has rectangular enclosures bounded by shallow (0.2m) depressions, with some later deeper cut drains. A causeway/bank 10m from roadside hedge and parallel to it leads through an enclosure 0.3m higher than remainder. Possible toft with associated field system, with the causeway a possible pre-enclosure trackway. Field to north has larger, similarly bounded enclosures. Field to northeast has causeway leading to probable ford river crossing. Garden earthworks near house with two possible enclosures, one a platform.
B. Cushion (NLA), 3 February 1993.

November 2009. Norfolk NMP.
Despite a thorough examination of the available aerial photographs, it was not possible to confirm the presence of all the features described above.
Garden earthworks to the south west of the house are visible, and have been recorded as NHER 53210.
Cropmarks of field boundary ditches as well as possible tofts and an enclosure ditch in the field to the east of the farm have also been recorded as NHER 53211.
Examining the 1946 RAF photos (S2), it is possible to see a series of modern drainage ditches, cut all the way along the valley as far as TG 1961 1584, and it seems probable that the majority of the features visible on the aerial photographs in fact relate to modern drainage.
The only feature visible on the aerial photographs (S3)-(S5) considered to be earlier than these drainage ditches is an earthwork ditch which may make up the south and west corner of a possible enclosure, centred on TG 1845 1589. This ditch is clearly visible beneath the later ditches cut for drainage.
E. Bales (NMP), November 2009.

October 2025. HER Enhancement: Forestry Commission Project K.
Earthworks associated with the previously recorded likely medieval tofts and field boundaries (see above) which possibly form part of an associated field system are visible on visualised lidar data from a survey flown in 2021 (S6). The features in the northwest of the area (centred at approximately TG 1851 1599) appear to survive well and relatively undisturbed. The features in the south (centred at approximately TG 1846 1587) and east of the area (centred at approximately TG 1866 1595) appear to be cut in places by earthworks relating to modern drainage. As the earthworks are visible on the relatively recent visualised lidar data, it is likely that the earthworks still survive.
J. Powell (Norfolk County Council Environment Service), 22 October 2025

  • <S1> Vertical Aerial Photograph: BKS/NCC 4863-4.
  • <S2> Vertical Aerial Photograph: RAF. 1946. RAF 106G/UK/1636 3227-8 09-JUL-1946 (NMR).
  • <S3> Vertical Aerial Photograph: Meridian Airmaps Limited. 1971. MAL 71017 036-7 23-MAR-1971 (NMR).
  • <S4> Vertical Aerial Photograph: Ordnance Survey. 1990. OS/90224 133-4 31-JUL-1990 (NMR).
  • <S5> Vertical Aerial Photograph: Ordnance Survey. 1992. OS/92337 153-4 11-JUN-1992 (NLA).
  • <S6> LIDAR Airborne Survey: Environment Agency. Environment Agency LIDAR Data. National LIDAR Programme TG11NE DTM 1m 02-DEC-2021 TO 06-DEC-2021.

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Related NHER Records (0)

Record last edited

Oct 22 2025 3:19PM

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