NHER 38936 (Monument record) - Site of World War Two coastal defences

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Summary

World War Two coastal defences are visible as extant structures to the north of the village of Trimingham on aerial photographs taken in the 1940s. They comprise a pillbox, a line of barbed wire, a probable gun emplacement and a possible slit trench. With the exception of the slit trench, these were all in place by June 1942 and appear to form part of a single scheme of defence, presumably designed to prevent an attack from the beach. Further World War Two defences, which were presumably part of the same scheme, have been identified along the former cliff edge to the east (e.g. NHER 38937) and within what is now part of the village (e.g. NHER 38938). The beach at Trimingham was apparently mined (see NHER 38890) and the barbed wire described here may also have been used to prevent access to the beach from the landward side. By 1946 only the possible slit trench is visible on aerial photographs and the other elements of the defence scheme had presumably been removed. After this date the trench may have partially survived as an earthwork within a hedge line but has now been largely destroyed by coastal erosion.

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Location

Map sheet TG23NE
Civil Parish TRIMINGHAM, NORTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Map

November 2004. Norfolk NMP.
World War Two coastal defences are visible as extant structures on aerial photographs (S1-3), centred at TG 2783 3897. Between September 1940 and June 1942 what appears to have been a pillbox was constructed at TG 2772 3907. This has been mapped as a circular structure but could have been polygonal in plan. It measures up to 4m in diameter. At TG 2782 3886 an emplacement, probably for a gun, was constructed by June 1942; this is not visible on aerial photographs taken in 1940 but as it was constructed within a hedge it may have been hidden. It was sub-oval in plan and measured approximately 7m long by 6m wide. Between the two a line of barbed wire is visible, also on aerial photographs from June 1942 (S1). This was laid out parallel to and approximately 60m inland of the contemporary cliff edge. At its western end this may have continued into a plantation; at its eastern edge it runs around the boundary of a garden or allotment before ending at the cliff edge.
By 1946 the features described above had been removed, although agricultural cropmarks visible on aerial photographs from that year (S2-3) reflect the former presence of the barbed wire. A possible slit trench, which appears to be a relatively fresh and therefore recent (or recently maintained) earthwork, had been added towards the eastern end of the barbed wire.
(S1-3)
S. Tremlett (NMP), 2 November 2004.

See NHER 41580 and report (S4) for material collected in 2004 Norfolk Rapid Coastal Survey, may be from this site.
J. Allen (NLA), 29 November 2005.

  • <S1> Vertical Aerial Photograph: RAF. 1942. RAF AC/59 58-60 19-JUN-1942 (NMR).
  • <S2> Vertical Aerial Photograph: RAF. 1946. RAF 106G/UK/1571 3189 07-JUN-1946 (NMR).
  • <S3> Vertical Aerial Photograph: RAF. 1946. RAF 106G/UK/1634 4116-7 09-JUL-1946 (Norfolk SMR TG 2839B, TG 2739E).
  • <S4> Unpublished Contractor Report: Robertson, D., Crawley, P., Barker, A., and Whitmore, S. 2005. Norfolk Rapid Coastal Zone Archaeological Survey. Assessment Report and Updated Project Design. Norfolk Archaeological Unit. 1045.

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Record last edited

Mar 22 2021 9:25AM

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