NHER 69284 (Monument record) - Graves of probable medieval or later date, disarticulated human remains and other unstratified finds within churchyard of St Mary the Virgin's Church

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Summary

Groundworks in this portion of the churchyard in 2010 and 2016 exposed deep graveyard soils containing much disarticulated human bone – suggesting this area had been much used, with considerable recutting and disturbance of earlier graves. Interestingly a number of Roman finds were recovered in the area to the south of the church, including pottery sherds and a small group of brick and tile fragments. Medieval and medieval/post-medieval pottery sherds and post-medieval ceramic building material fragments were also found.

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Location

Map sheet TM28NW
Civil Parish PULHAM ST MARY, SOUTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Map

Churchyard of St Mary the Virgin's Church (NHER 10779).

April 1986.
It was reported that a Roman coin and a medieval coin had been found within this churchyard, at [1]. However information subsequently received from the finder suggests these objects actually came from the field to the north (NHER 22371).
Information from record notes for NHER 10779 (S1).
Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 26 August 2025.

May 2010. Watching Brief.
Monitoring of groundworks associated with installation of new storm-water drainage for south porch of church.
The two soakaways excavated both exposed particularly deep, relatively homogenous graveyard soils beneath the present topsoil. Although no articulated remains were encountered, more than 350 pieces of disarticulated human bone were collected, showing this to be an intensively used and much disturbed portion of the cemetery. One of the soakaways also exposed part of a brick-built tomb of probable late post-medieval date, which was left in-situ. The shallower connecting drainage trenches revealed nothing of interest.
See report (S2) for further details.
Previously recorded under NHER 10779.
S. Howard (HES), 2011. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 26 August 2025.

October-November 2016. Watching Brief.
Maintained during groundworks associated with installation of sewerage system for new kitchenette and disabled toilet within church tower.
The main element of this new sewerage system was a 'trench arch drain', which was installed to the south of the church, following the line of an existing path. Natural deposits were not reached, with only graveyard soils disturbed. Although the outlines of several graves became distinguishable towards the base of the trench, no articulated remains were encountered. Groups of disarticulated bones noted at one end of the trench probably represented remains that had been disturbed by grave diggers and placed within the backfill of the later graves. Only one grave cut was identifiable within the narrower, shallower trench connecting this drain to the church tower. This trench also encountered a rubble layer close to the church that probably related to one of the more recent restoration campaigns.
Notably, the unstratified finds recovered during these external works include several Roman pottery sherds and a group of Roman brick and tile fragments – all of which came from the area to the south of the church. A small number of medieval and medieval/post-medieval pottery sherds were also found, along with brick and tile fragments of probable post-medieval date, a single fragment of fired clay daub or render and an undatable iron nail.
Information from report uploaded to OASIS. HER copy awaited.
P. Watkins (HES), 25 August 2025.

  • --- Secondary File: Secondary File.
  • <S1> Collection: Norfolk Historic Environment Record Staff. 1975-[2000]. HER Record Notes. Norfolk Historic Environment Service. NHER 10779.
  • <S2> Unpublished Contractor Report: Birks, C. 2010. Report on an Archaeological Watching brief at St Mary the Virgin Church, Pulham St Mary, Norfolk. Chris Birks Archaeological Services. CB214R.
  • DAUB (Unknown date)
  • HUMAN REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • NAIL (Unknown date)
  • FLOOR TILE (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • IMBREX (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • POT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • TEGULA (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • TILE (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • TILE (Roman - 43 AD? to 409 AD?)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval to 16th Century - 1401 AD to 1600 AD)
  • BRICK (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • PANTILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Record last edited

Aug 26 2025 2:23AM

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