NHER 69598 (Find Spot record) - Post-medieval, World War Two or later, modern and undated finds (North Sea, poorly located)

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Summary

Between 2021 and 2023 a number of objects were recovered from mixed loads of dredged aggregate that included material from East Coast Dredging Region Licence Area 401/2. These poorly-located finds include post-medieval iron cannon balls; World War One to World War Two naval ammunition; a World War Two or later pen knife; a modern padlock and chain and an undatable possible net float and iron spikes. … and a German flare pistol likely lost during World War Two.

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Location

Map sheet Not recorded
Civil Parish NORTH SEA, -, NORFOLK

Map

No mapped location recorded.

This record details poorly-located objects recovered as a result of off-shore dredging that were potentially derived from Aggregates Extraction Licence Area 401/2. These discoveries were reported to English Heritage/Historic England through the Marine Aggregate Industry Protocol for Reporting Finds of Archaeological Interest. See (S1) and (S2) for further information on the Protocol and NHER 61441 for details of objects definitely recovered within Licence Area 401/2.

Pre December 2015. Off-shore Dredging.
Found at Johnsons Wharf, Greenhithe, amongst material from both this area and Licence Area 460 (East English Channel Region):
1 undatable iron spike. Probably from a wooden sailing vessel.
1 undatable iron nail/spike. Possibly from a wooden vessel, but impossible to date closely.
1 undatable soft wood/cork ?fishing float.
1 modern padlock and chain.
See Discovery Reports (S3)-(S6) and reporting protocol annual report (S7) for further details.
Previously recorded under NHER 61441.
P. Watkins (HES), 30 March 2016. Amended 16 November 2025.

2020-2021 (exact date unknown at present). Off-shore Dredging.
Found at Dagenham Wharf, amongst material from both this area and Licence Area 460 (East English Channel Region):
1 post-medieval cast iron cannonball. Probably a 4-pounder of 18th-century date.
1 World War Two or later pen knife. Most likely a Royal Navy knife lost during World War Two.
See reporting protocol annual report (S8) for further details. Discovery report awaited.
P. Watkins (HES), 17 November 2025.

Pre 9 May 2022. Off-shore Dredging.
Found at Greenhithe Wharf amongst material from this area and Licence Area 461 (East English Channel Region):
1 post-medieval iron 3-pounder cannonball. A large flat area from when it was cast suggests it probably dates to the second half of the 17th century.
2 World War One to World War Two navel shells. Both appear to have been fired but are not closely identifiable (their c.80mm diameter equating to 3", which was a common calibre/mounting on British warships).
See Discovery Reports (S9) and (S10) and reporting protocol annual report (S11) for further details.
P. Watkins (HES), 14 November 2025.

2022-2023 (exact date unknown). Off-shore Dredging.
Found at Frindsbury Wharf, amongst material from this area and Licence Area 461 (East English Channel Region):
1 modern engine fragment. Potentially from an aircraft but not diagnostic - could just as easily be from a marine or land vehicle.
See reporting protocol annual report (S12) for further details.
P. Watkins (HES), 14 November 2025.

  • <S1> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2003. Marine Aggregate Dredging and the Historic Environment. Assessing, evaluating, mitigating and monitoring the archaeological effects of marine aggregate dredging.
  • <S10> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2022. BMAPA and English Heritage Discovery Report Hanson_1034.
  • <S11> Unpublished Report: Wessex Archaeology. 2023. British Marine Aggregate Producers Association, English Heritage and The Crown Estate: Marine Industry Protocol for the Reporting of Finds of Archaeological Interest. Annual Report to BMAPA 2021-2022.
  • <S12> Unpublished Report: Wessex Archaeology. 2024. British Marine Aggregate Producers Association, English Heritage and The Crown Estate: Marine Industry Protocol for the Reporting of Finds of Archaeological Interest. Annual Report to BMAPA 2022-2023.
  • <S2> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2005. Protocol for reporting finds of archaeological interest.
  • <S3> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2015. BMAPA and English Heritage Discovery Report LTM_0602.
  • <S4> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2015. BMAPA and English Heritage Discovery Report LTM_0604.
  • <S5> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2015. BMAPA and English Heritage Discovery Report LTM_0606.
  • <S6> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2015. BMAPA and English Heritage Discovery Report LTM_0607.
  • <S7> Unpublished Report: Wessex Archaeology. 2015. British Marine Aggregate Producers Association, English Heritage and The Crown Estate: Protocol for Reporting Finds of Archaeological Interest. Annual Report to BMAPA 2014-2015.
  • <S8> Unpublished Report: Wessex Archaeology. 2021. British Marine Aggregate Producers Association, English Heritage and The Crown Estate: Marine Industry Protocol for the Reporting of Finds of Archaeological Interest. Annual Report to BMAPA 2020-2021.
  • <S9> Unpublished Document: BMAPA and English Heritage. 2022. BMAPA and English Heritage Discovery Report Hanson_1033.
  • NET FLOAT (Unknown date)
  • SPIKE (Unknown date)
  • SPIKE (Unknown date)
  • CANNON BALL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • CANNON BALL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • AMMUNITION (20th Century - 1901 AD to 2000 AD)
  • ENGINE (20th Century - 1901 AD to 2000 AD)
  • PADLOCK (Early 20th Century to 21st Century - 1901 AD to 2050 AD)
  • PENKNIFE (World War Two - 1939 AD to 1945 AD?)

Related NHER Records (0)

Record last edited

Nov 18 2025 8:20AM

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